Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a condition where the arteries that supply blood and oxygen to the heart become narrowed or blocked by a buildup of plaque. This plaque is made up of cholesterol, calcium, and other substances that accumulate slowly over time.
As plaque builds up, blood flow to the heart can be reduced, limiting the heart’s ability to get the oxygen it needs, especially during physical activity. In some cases, plaque can rupture suddenly, leading to a heart attack with little or no warning.
CAD often develops quietly. Many people have no symptoms until the disease is advanced, which is why it’s often referred to as a “silent” condition.
Traditionally, CAD risk is associated with factors such as smoking, inactivity, obesity, high cholesterol, high blood pressure, diabetes, and family history. While these risks are important, athletes don’t always fit this profile.
Male endurance athletes over the age of 35 face a different risk. Despite high fitness levels and healthy lifestyles, athletes can still develop coronary plaque, and their risk is often underestimated or overlooked because they appear “healthy.”
That’s why awareness, early detection, and athlete-specific conversations about heart health matter.
During Heart Month, we’re sharing important information athletes need to know — because understanding the risk is the first step toward advocating for your health.